Concise Review: Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models of Retinitis Pigmentosa

Autores de CIPF

• Ana Artero Castro

  Autor

• Dunja Lukovic

  Autor

• 

  Slaven Erceg Vukicevic

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a CIPF

• Jendelova, P

Grupos de Investigación

• Laboratorio Terapias con Células Madre en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas

  

  Jefe/a de Grupo

  Slaven Erceg Vukicevic

Abstract

Hereditary retinal dystrophies, specifically retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases affecting primarily retinal cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells with blindness as a final outcome. Understanding the pathogenicity behind these diseases has been largely precluded by the unavailability of affected tissue from patients, large genetic heterogeneity and animal models that do not faithfully represent some human diseases. A landmark discovery of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) permitted the derivation of patient-specific cells. These cells have unlimited self-renewing capacity and the ability to differentiate into RP-affected cell types, allowing the studies of disease mechanism, drug discovery, and cell replacement therapies, both as individual cell types and organoid cultures. Together with precise genome editing, the patient specific hiPSC technology offers novel strategies for targeting the pathogenic mutations and design therapies toward retinal dystrophies. This study summarizes current hiPSC-based RP models and highlights key achievements and challenges of these cellular models, as well as questions that still remain unanswered.

Keywords

• Differentiation; Gene targeting; Induced pluripotent stem cells; Induced pluripotent stem; Retinal photoreceptors; Retina; Retinal pigmented epithelium